This volume comprises a collection of English and French articles in Jewish studies published by Professor E. E. Urbach in the course of over fifty years, as well as several articles and lectures found among his papers after his death in 1991. The articles collected here include contributions to various spheres of Jewish studies, particularly those to which the author dedicated most of his scholarly career and in which he became a leading figure: Halakhah, Aggdah, classical rabbinic thought, anti-Christian polemics, Jewish history of the Second Temple, and the Talmudic and Medieval periods. The history and spiritual world of Polish Jewry, a topic on which the author concentrated his later years, is also represented here. Also included are several essays in which the author surveyed trends and developments in the field of Jewish Studies.

In this collection of essays the sages are reflected as the successors of the biblical heritage in all its aspects through their continuous dealings with the changes happening in the historical reality during the second temple and after its destruction in the land of Israel as well as the diaspora. The world of Halakhah and Jewish philosophy are understood from the interpretation and analysis of the Sages' mishnah, talmud and midrashim with religious, social and legal changes happening in the background.

The author presents in this work, which is based on an exhaustive study of the sources by means of philological-historical methods, a vivid picture of the religious and social thoughts of the Tanna'im and Amora'im, their absorption and rejection of extraneous concepts, their spiritual struggles and the goals they sought to achieve. The intellectual ferment marking this era crystallized principles that fashioned the Jewish national and religious image for generations. The wisdom of the great Jewish teachers of antiquity is on display here like in no other book. Two indexes (one by topic, one by texts) mentioned help the reader make use of the many obscure texts that Urbach quotes, some of them virtually impossible to find in translation anywhere. The sheer wealth of material collected in this volume is amazing. The book is well organized by 'doctrine' or belief, and Urbach does an excellent job of quoting the texts that he uses to come to his conclusions.

The author presents in this work, which is based on an exhaustive study of the sources by means of philological-historical methods, a vivid picture of the religious and social thoughts of the Tanna'im and Amora'im, their absorption and rejection of extraneous concepts, their spiritual struggles and the goals they sought to achieve. The intellectual ferment marking this era crystallized principles that fashioned the Jewish national and religious image for generations. The wisdom of the great Jewish teachers of antiquity is on display here like in no other book. Two indexes (one by topic, one by texts) mentioned help the reader make use of the many obscure texts that Urbach quotes, some of them virtually impossible to find in translation anywhere. The sheer wealth of material collected in this volume is amazing. The book is well organized by 'doctrine' or belief, and Urbach does an excellent job of quoting the texts that he uses to come to his conclusions.