The book is made up of six meditations, in which Descartes first discards all belief in things that are not absolutely certain, and then tries to establish what can be known for sure. He wrote the meditations as if he had meditated for six days: each meditation refers to the last one as "yesterday". The Meditations consist of the presentation of Descartes' metaphysical system in its most detailed level and in the expanding of Descartes' philosophical system, which he first introduced in the fourth part of his Discourse on Method (1637).

Malcolm Hay, a Scottish Catholic, witnessed the hatred against the Jews and decided to look for the root of anti-semitism within Christianity. The Catholic author chronicles the appalling and brutal experiences of Jews through the centuries at the hand of professing Christians. Then in a startling and shocking manner directly compares them to their experiences at the hand of the Nazis, and then the Germans, the French and the British in the 20th century. He of course does not equate the first party with the last three, but he spares none from sifting criticism.

"This is how I was lead to the idea of time. Here is where a surprise was waiting for me". With these terms Henri Bergson (1859-1941) describes the discovery all his cogitation grew out of: the "durée", the simple fact – that many deny – that "time lasts". In the intellectual landscape of the end of the 19th century, which was characterized by a huge leap in the development of the exact sciences and in the spreading of Kant's philosophy, Bergson's iteration sounded like defiance.

The Philosopher Henri Bergson (1859-1941) creator of the "durée" theory was once asked to explain his premise concisely. The philosopher replied: "What I said was that time exists and is not a "space"". Differentiating between time of real existence -"durée" – and the "space" like time. Bergson meant that the real time has a novel unexpected quality, and cannot be anticipated due to unceasing creativity. Quantifiable time – physics time – on the other hand, all that transpires can be set in advance with the assistance of Mathematical Computations. If so the 'physical time' does not differ greatly from the 'space time' and the result of every movement in it can be calculated precisely in advance provided that we have enough data for the calculation. Since by this assumption the "durée" was stripped of all the process science related areas, it is only natural that while trying to base his central idea, Bergson turns to investigate the two main reality spheres: the spiritual or mental sphere, and in this essay – the life sphere. This is the origin of the spiritual-vitalistic theory.