Since 1901 the Jewish National Fund was the organ of the World Zionist Organization for the purchase of lands in Palestine and settling it with Jewish people. While working towards this goal, the JNF was faced with a multitude of issues to address: designing the land and settlement policy, deciding where to purchase lands, which types of farming and economy to enhance, which types of settlements to develop, which socio-economic sectors of the Jewish people to assist, how to develop national geographic and economic systems, how to secure as wide as possible borders for the anticipated Jewish autonomy, and how to create a Jewish demographic majority in Palestine. This book presents the first deep and detailed research conducted on the subject. In a lively and exciting way it relates the process of decision-making, planning, and carrying out of the policies and enterprises of the JNF in the years prior to World War I, all this against the background of the considerations in Palestine and developments in the Zionist world.