For over forty years Prof. Shmuel Safrai published studies on the history of Erez Israel during the Second Temple period and the Talmud period, the history of Jewish culture and society in Erez Israel and the Diaspora and the relationship between the two. A majority of the studies in this collection revolve around elementary problems in this crucial period: the worship of god in the temple and synagogue, the Jewish city and its institutions, pilgrimage during the Second Temple period and after its destruction, the Hassidic movement during the Second Temple period and the Tannaim period, and the deeds of Rabbi Yohanan ben Zakkai. These studies are essential to the understanding of the Erez-Israeli history of the period.