The articles compiled in this volume are studies by Jacob (Kobi) Metzer, which examine economic and political-economy issues in the Mandate era and the State of Israel. Most of the studies were originally published in scholarly journals and collected volumes in English. Their revision and publication in Hebrew under one volume is aimed at making them more accessible to the Israeli readership. The book consists of nine chapters, grouped into three parts. The first part includes four chapters that present the main socio-economic attributes of the Arab and Jewish populations during the Mandate period and examine them in broad comparative frameworks. The three chapters of the second part take up ethno-national aspects of land and settlement in Mandatory Palestine and Israel, and analyze them in comparative perspective. The third part deals with patterns of immigration and employment of Jews as individuals. It contains two chapters. One documents the socio-demographic profile of the immigrants to Palestine in the first decade of the British Mandate, and compares it with the international migration of the time. The other chapter examines comparatively the patterns of Jewish self-employment in the Diaspora and in Mandatory Palestine and Israel, from the early twentieth century onward.

The spread of the Assyrian Empire over the entire Fertile Crescent in the second half of the 8th century BC introduced various forms of cooperation between the neighboring nomadic Arabs and the imperial authorities. The geographical conditions and resultant lifestyle of the Arabs facilitated a mutual dependence and delicate equilibrium between themselves and the Assyrian rulers, eager to capitalize on their unprecedented regional might. Henceforth, the Arabs appear as an organic component of the Fertile Crescent history rather than mere desert raiders.

Marx’s 1857 introduction to his Critique of Political Economy , which was not published in his lifetime, remains his only mature attempt to formulate the philosophical presuppositions of his economic research. Marx’s preface to the same work, published in 1859, contains a complementary philosophical discussion on the relations between economy and society. Their joint translation presents Hebrew readers with an accessible overview of the philosophical principles at the basis of Marx’s research.

In his autobiography, Abraham Halevi Fraenkel describes growing up as an Orthodox Jew in Germany and his development as a mathematician at the beginning of the twentieth century. In his memoir, originally published in German in 1967, Fraenkel painted a unique picture of the complexity of Jewish life in Germany with special emphasis on the developments in the Orthodox community. He described the world of mathematics in Germany in the first half of the twentieth century, in the context of the great mathematicians he met, many of whom were Jews or had Jewish roots. In his personal life, Fraenkel merged the worlds of orthodox Judaism, liberal Zionism and mathematics, in a period of global and national upheavals, which included the two World Wars and the establishment of the State of Israel. The last chapter of the book, which describes his extensive public activity in Israel from the 1930s until his death in 1965, was written by Prof. Jiska Cohen-Mansfield. Introductions were added by Prof. Yehoshua Bar-Hillel and Prof. Menachem Magidor, the former president of the Hebrew University.

The kibbutz is a social experiment in collective living that challenges traditional economic theory. By sharing all income and resources equally among its members, the kibbutz system created strong incentives to free ride or—as in the case of the most educated and skilled—to depart for the city. Yet for much of the twentieth century kibbutzim thrived, and kibbutz life was perceived as idyllic both by members and the outside world. In The Mystery of the Kibbutz , Ran Abramitzky blends economic perspectives with personal insights to examine how kibbutzim successfully maintained equal sharing for so long despite their inherent incentive problems. Weaving the story of his own family’s experiences as kibbutz members with extensive economic and historical data, Abramitzky sheds light on the idealism and historical circumstances that helped kibbutzim overcome their economic contradictions. He illuminates how the design of kibbutzim met the challenges of thriving as enclaves in a capitalist world and evaluates kibbutzim’s success at sustaining economic equality. By drawing on the stories of his pioneering grandmother who founded a kibbutz, his uncle who remained in a kibbutz his entire adult life, and his mother who was raised in and left the kibbutz, Abramitzky brings to life the rise and fall of the kibbutz movement. The lessons that The Mystery of the Kibbutz draws from this unique social experiment extend far beyond the kibbutz gates, serving as a guide to societies that strive to foster economic and social equality.

The book examines the ideological motivations behind the selection of representations for Israeli banknotes and coins. The research is based on the proceedings and correspondence of the Bank of Israel Banknotes and Coinage Planning Committee from its inception in 1955 to 2012. The study reveals the mechanisms in which the legal tender is exploited as an expression of banal nationalism, implementing national emblems in an unnoticed manner. Banal nationalism is one of three theoretical frameworks we adopted. The other two are the long history of the Jewish people in the territory which today is the State of Israel; and selective tradition as a means for designing a nation. The book comprises eight chapters: theoretical overview; analytical portrayal of the working methods of the Bank of Israel Banknotes and Coinage Planning Committee; a study of the first designed “Allegoric Figures Series” (1959); analysis of the selection of human figures; the construction of the state borders through an array of landscape images; the reflection of the shifting boundaries in the changing representations in Jerusalem; the selection of archaeological emblems as a proof for national continuity; and the symbolic role of flora as identification with the land.

Since the establishment of the state and until 1985, Israel’s capital market was mostly nationalized. The government controlled most of the financial activities, and the scarce private activity was shared by only a few institutions that lacked real competition. A long line of reforms that took place since 1985 and to this day revolutionized the banking structure, the capital market and the pension system: • The government reduced its involvement almost completely • The funding means of the business sector and of households expanded tremendously • International capital movements were liberalaized • Conflicts of interests were reduced and the competition amongst financial institutions was improved. The book is divided into 3 parts: The demand for investment in means of production and housing; the funding supply of these investments; and the financial institutions and their supervising system. Every chapter covers a description of a different aspect of the Israeli capital market before exploring the market failures that plagued it and the reforms that alleviated them. A special emphasis is dedicated to the importance of resisting the pressure of interest groups and to the lessons that need to be implemented in the tasks that still lay ahead.

Modern Investment Theory is the only book published in Hebrew on this central topic for students and practitioners of business and economy. The book opens with a review of the investment environment and the structure and institutions of the Israeli capital market, as well as a description of the assets traded in the equity, debt, and derivative markets. Since Israel is a small economy, its interactions with global financial markets is highlighted. The core concepts are presented by order of their evolution and contribution to the field: from rational and behavioral decision-making in states of risk, to Portfolio Theory, the CAPM, and advanced theoretical and empirical models, including five-factor models. Three chapters are devoted to fixed income pricing and risk, and two chapters address derivative assets and their pricing. Some of the chapters introduce for the first time in Hebrew financial crises and their impact on the real economy and on society, private capital, behavioral finance, and international finance. Many of the concepts of modern investment theory were developed by prominent researchers; some won Nobel or other prestigious prizes. To sixteen of these outstanding researchers, seven of whom are Israeli, I devote special boxes entitled "Figures from the Hall of Fame," highlighting their contribution to the field. Pedagogically, the book follows the American model where each chapter is accompanied by a Powerpoint presentation file, the chapter is briefly summarized, has a list of key terms, and between twenty to forty questions. Teachers can access all chapter solutions.

Graph Theory is, as far as we know, the first to be written by this approach. Its initial purpose was to serve as a high-school textbook for students learning graph theory in a systematic and orderly manner. Until the publication of this book, graph theory was only taught in academic institutions. The book soon began to serve as a reference book and even as a textbook in colleges and academic institutes for lecturers and students of mathematics and computer science. The book in its current format includes five chapters: 1. Definitions, Examples and Basic Concepts; 2. Paths and Circuits in Graphs; 3. Trees 4. Networks 5. Games, Puzzles and Graph Theory. The intention is to release it in a new and expanded edition.

In 2018, some 770 health technology systems costing 3 billion shekels were submitted to the Israeli Health Basket Committee as candidates for public funding. The committee chose 107 of them, amounting to 460 million shekels, the total sum of its state budget. The need to prioritize medical technologies exists in most health systems worldwide. A Basic Course in Health Technology Assessment provide the tools for making tough decisions faced by such committees.

This course book features a systematic method of presenting the foundations of modern algebra, focusing on three main theories: groups, rings, and fields. It contains numerous exercises.