קורות הינו כתב עת שנתי העוסק בהֶיבֵּטים ההיסטוריים, הפילוסופיים והחברתיים של רפואה ויהדות.

Thoroughly researched, this study highlights the historical scholarship that is one of the lasting legacies of interwar Polish Jewry and analyses its political and social context. As Jewish citizens struggled to assert their place in a newly independent Poland, a dedicated group of Jewish scholars fascinated by history devoted themselves to creating a sense of Polish Jewish belonging while also fighting for their rights as an ethnic minority. The political climate made it hard for these men and women to pursue an academic career; instead they had to continue their efforts to create and disseminate Polish Jewish history by teaching outside the university and publishing in scholarly and popular journals. By introducing the Jewish public to a pantheon of historical heroes to celebrate and anniversaries to commemorate, they sought to forge a community aware of its past, its cultural heritage, and its achievements---though no less important were their efforts to counter the increased hostility towards Jews in the public discourse of the day. In highlighting the role of public intellectuals and the social role of scholars and historical scholarship, this study adds a new dimension to the understanding of the Polish Jewish world in the interwar period.

כתב העת מדעי היהדות יוצא לאור מדי שנה על ידי האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות ומהווה במה פתוחה לפרסום מאמרים, מחקרים, תעודות ורשימות שונות במדעי היהדות. בכתב העת מתפרסמים מאמרים בשפה העברית ובשפה האנגלית. המאמרים עוברים תהליך של שיפוט ועריכה כמקובל בכתבי עת שפיטים. כתב העת מתמקד במחקרים בעלי אופי מתודולוגי ופרוגרמטי ובסקירות על תחומים שונים במדעי היהדות. כתב העת החל להתפרסם בשנת תשל"א (1971) תחת הכותרת "ידיעון האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות". משנת תשנ"ו (1996) הוא מתפרסם במתכונתו הנוכחית, "מדעי היהדות – כתב העת של האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות". בנוסף למאמרים, מפרסם כתב העת את "חדשות האיגוד" וכן סקירות ספרים חדשים המתפרסמים בתחומים השונים של מדעי היהדות. דויד (דמיטרי) קופליוביץ' | מן ההיעדר אל הנוכחות: הנביא ירמיהו בספר מלכים ובספר דברי הימים יצחק עמר | נישואין ולידה אצל מלכי בית דוד בספר דברי הימים (דה"א יא-דה"ב לו): האומנם רק ביטוי לתורת הגמול? ברכי אליצור | משיחיות ואנטי-משיחיות במסורות על חזקיהו משלהי תקופת בית שני ומתקופות המשנה והתלמוד נעמה וייס | המבנה הבסיסי של יחסי קִרבה בסיפורי משפחות בראשית ובמדרש עדיאל קדרי | הלכת אליהו: ידע שמימי, חסידות וסכנה ערן ויזל | תולדות מחקר פרשנות המקרא בימי הביניים בישראל במאה העשרים ובראשית המאה העשרים ואחת שלם יהלום | מהימנות היסטורית בספרות התוספות אליעזר שלוסברג | מדרשי תימן בין ישן לחדש מיכל פרם כהן | גיבורה רומנסית, אקטיבית, ומוסרית: פינליה אדלברג ב"אהבת ישרים או המשפחות המֻרדפות" לשרה פייגה מיינקין

כתב העת מדעי היהדות יוצא לאור מדי שנה על ידי האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות ומהווה במה פתוחה לפרסום מאמרים, מחקרים, תעודות ורשימות שונות במדעי היהדות. בכתב העת מתפרסמים מאמרים בשפה העברית ובשפה האנגלית. המאמרים עוברים תהליך של שיפוט ועריכה כמקובל בכתבי עת שפיטים. כתב העת מתמקד במחקרים בעלי אופי מתודולוגי ופרוגרמטי ובסקירות על תחומים שונים במדעי היהדות. כתב העת החל להתפרסם בשנת תשל"א (1971) תחת הכותרת "ידיעון האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות". משנת תשנ"ו (1996) הוא מתפרסם במתכונתו הנוכחית, "מדעי היהדות – כתב העת של האיגוד העולמי למדעי היהדות". בנוסף למאמרים, מפרסם כתב העת את "חדשות האיגוד" וכן סקירות ספרים חדשים המתפרסמים בתחומים השונים של מדעי היהדות. המאמרים המופיעים בגיליון זה: מיכאל שניידר | השורשים הליטורגיים של האיחוד אליהו רוזנפלד | "על אודותיו יש לדבר בשתיקה": תפקיד השתיקה בסיפורי טענות בתולים בתלמוד הבבלי ראובן כודרי | התלמוד כתרגיל ברטוריקה: פרוגימנסמה וקונטרוברסיה בספרות חז"ל אלי גורפינקל | סדר ומבנה ברשימת העיקרים המיימוניים: בין צורה למשמעות חגי שטמלר | "למהלך האידאות בישראל" בתגובה ל"חוכמת ישראל"

הספר מתאר בהרחבה פרויקטים פורצי דרך בפיתוח מנהיגות ותוכניות חינוכיות אחרות שהופעלו או נתמכו על ידי קרן ג'ק, ג'וזף ומורטון מנדל, בשלושים השנים האחרונות. יוזמות אלה נועדו לקדם את מטרת הקרן לחזק את העם היהודי ואת מדינת ישראל כחברה צודקת ומכילה. הספר מציג את התכונות הנדרשות למנהיגות אפקטיבית בשימת דגש על תפקידם של מדעי הרוח ומדיניות ציבורית בפיתוח מנהיגות. הוא פורש את הדרכים ליצירת שינוי חינוכי וחברתי; מפרט את עקרונות העשייה הפילנתרופית; ועומד על תפקידם של המחקר וההגות במאמצים לחיזוק הפעילות החינוכית וחיי הקהילה בארץ ובחול.

Jews have been active participants in shaping the healing practices of the communities of eastern Europe. Their approach largely combined the ideas of traditional Ashkenazi culture with the heritage of medieval and early modern medicine. Holy rabbis and faith healers, as well as Jewish barbers, innkeepers, and pedlars, all dispensed cures, purveyed folk remedies for different ailments, and gave hope to the sick and their families based on kabbalah, numerology, prayer, and magical Hebrew formulas. Nevertheless, as new sources of knowledge penetrated the traditional world, modern medical ideas gained widespread support. Jews became court physicians to the nobility, and when the universities were opened up to them many also qualified as doctors. At every stage, medicine proved an important field for cross-cultural contacts. Jewish historians and scholars of folk medicine alike will discover here fascinating sources never previously explored—manuscripts, printed publications, and memoirs in Yiddish and Hebrew but also in Polish, English, German, Russian, and Ukrainian. Marek Tuszewicki's careful study of these documents has teased out therapeutic advice, recipes, magical incantations, kabbalistic methods, and practical techniques, together with the ethical considerations that such approaches entailed. His research fills a gap in the study of folk medicine in eastern Europe, shedding light on little-known aspects of Ashkenazi culture, and on how the need to treat sickness brought Jews and their neighbours together.

Orthodox Jewish women are increasingly seeking new ways to express themselves religiously, and important changes have occurred in consequence in their self-definition and the part they play in the religious life of their communities. Drawing on surveys and interviews across different Orthodox groups in London, as well as on the author’s own experience of active participation over many years, this is a thoroughly researched study that analyses its findings in the context of related developments in Israel and the USA. Sympathetic attention is given to women’s creativity and sophistication as they struggle to develop new modes of expression that will let their voices be heard; at the same time, the inevitable points of conflict with the male-dominated religious establishment are examined and explained. There is a focus, too, on the impact of innovations in ritual: these include not only the creation of women-only spaces and women’s participation in public practices traditionally reserved for men, but also new personal practices often acquired on study visits to Israel which are replacing traditions learned from family members. This is a much-needed study of how new norms of lived religion have emerged in London, influenced by both the rise of feminism and the backlash against it, and also by women’s new understanding of their religious roles.

Following tremendous advances in recent years in the study of religious belief, this volume adopts a fresh understanding of Jewish religious life in Poland. Approaches deriving from the anthropology, history, phenomenology, psychology, and sociology of religion have replaced the methodologies of social or political history that were applied in the past, offering fascinating new perspectives. The well-established interest in hasidism continues, albeit from new angles, but topics that have barely been considered before are well represented here too. Women’s religious practice gains new prominence, and a focus on elites has given way to a consideration of the beliefs and practices of ordinary people. Reappraisals of religious responses to secularization and modernity, both liberal and Orthodox, offer more nuanced insights into this key issue. Other research areas represented here include the material history of Jewish religious life in eastern Europe and the shift of emphasis from theology to praxis in the search for the defining quality of religious experience. The contemporary reassessments in this volume, with their awareness of emerging techniques that have the potential to extract fresh insights from source materials both old and new, show how our understanding of what it means to be Jewish is continuing to expand.

Samuel ben Hosha‘na was a prolific author of liturgical poetry and a member of the political and religious leadership of the Jewish community of the Land of Israel in the late tenth and early eleventh century CE, yet over the centuries his poetry and his very existence were forgotten by history. He was rediscovered by twentieth-century scholars from manuscripts in the Cairo Geniza. This volume presents all the information known about Samuel's life, and a selection of his poetry, as well as Megillath Miẓrayim, his prose account of a harrowing event that he experienced in Cairo in 1012. The texts are presented in Hebrew, with an English translation on facing pages, and English commentary explaining the poet's allusions.

Maimonides ends each book of his legal code the Mishneh torah with a moral or philosophical reflection, in which he lifts his eyes, as it were, from purely halakhic concerns and surveys broader horizons. Menachem Kellner and David Gillis analyse these concluding paragraphs, examining their verbal and thematic echoes, their adaptation of rabbinic sources, and the way in which they coordinate with the Mishneh torah ’s underlying structures, in order to understand how they might influence our interpretation of the code as a whole—and indeed our view of Maimonides himself and his philosophy. Taking this unusual cross-section of the work, Kellner and Gillis conclude that the Mishneh torah presents not only a system of law, but also a system of universal values. They show how Maimonides fashions Jewish law and ritual as a programme for attaining ethical and intellectual ends that are accessible to all human beings, who are created equally in the image of God. Many reject the presentation of Maimonides as a universalist. The Mishneh torah especially is widely seen as a particularist sanctuary. This study shows how profoundly that view must be revised.

Continuing his contribution to medieval Jewish intellectual history, Haym Soloveitchik focuses here on the radical pietist movement of Ḥ asidei Ashkenaz and its main literary work, Sefer Ḥ asidim , and on the writings and personality of the Provençal commentator Ravad of Posquières. In both areas Soloveitchik challenges mainstream views to provide a new understanding of medieval Jewish thought. Some of the essays are revised and updated versions of work previously published and some are entirely new, but in all of them Soloveitchik challenges reigning views to provide a new understanding of medieval Jewish thought. The section on Sefer Ḥasidim brings together over half a century of Soloveitchik’s writings on German Pietism, many of which originally appeared in obscure publications, and adds two new essays. The first of these is a methodological study of how to read this challenging work and an exposition of what constitutes a valid historical inference, while the second reviews the validity of the sociological and anthropological inferences presented in contemporary historiography. In discussing Ravad’s oeuvre, Soloveitchik questions the widespread notion that Ravad’s chief accomplishment was his commentary on Maimonides' Mishneh torah ; his Talmud commentary, he claims, was of far greater importance and was his true masterpiece. He also adds a new study that focuses on the acrimony between Ravad, as the low-born genius of Posquières, and R. Zerahyah ha-Levi of Lunel, who belonged to the Jewish aristocracy of Languedoc, and considers the implications of that relationship.

Through a detailed analysis of ghost tales in the Ashkenazi pietistic work Sefer ḥasidim , Susan Weissman documents a major transformation in Jewish attitudes and practices regarding the dead and the afterlife that took place between the rabbinic period and medieval times. She reveals that a huge influx of Germano-Christian beliefs, customs, and fears relating to the dead and the afterlife seeped into medieval Ashkenazi society among both elite and popular groups. In matters of sin, penance, and posthumous punishment, the infiltration of Christian notions was so strong as to effect a radical departure in Pietist thinking from rabbinic thought and to spur outright contradiction of talmudic principles regarding the realm of the hereafter. Although it is primarily a study of the culture of a medieval Jewish enclave, this book demonstrates how seminal beliefs of medieval Christendom and monastic ideals could take root in a society with contrary religious values—even in the realm of doctrinal belief.